Dilshad Karim
Abstract
The Jews were a group of people that made many migrations between the borders of the Levant, Egypt, Iraq, and the Hijaz. Wherever they settledthey were the subject of controversy and ...
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The Jews were a group of people that made many migrations between the borders of the Levant, Egypt, Iraq, and the Hijaz. Wherever they settledthey were the subject of controversy and dispute throughout history However, they played a major role in reviving the city’s economic situation, because they were merchants and possessors of lands, many of whom were experts in jewellers, weapons and armour makers. In addition, Medina’s economy prior to the Hijra was based on agriculture and on small-scale handicrafts, trade, as well as winemaking. The messenger (PBUH) was aware of the socio-economic role of the Jews in Medina and when he (PBUH) came to the city, he did not exclude the Jews from the whole society to establish political stability, but he chose to win them by granting them equality to Muslims in rights and duties Jews were recognized as a part of the Medina community and their name was mentioned many times in the constitution of Medina. The Constitution was created to maintain peace and cooperation among all Medina groups. However, a number of Jewish people disagreed to have the same social ranks and began to adopt negative views of Muslims and considered Muslims as a major threat to them. Therefore, Muslims encountered opposition from Jews, and the exile of a group of Jews from Medina resulted from the Jewish violation of the constitution, by aiding the enemies of the community. However, many of them remained in the city for a long time and they were dealt with peacefully, a large number of them converted to Islam during the period of the Rashidun Caliphate.
